运算符重载小知识点
在 C++ 中,运算符重载可以通过成员函数或友元函数来实现。对于成员函数形式的运算符重载,输入参数的数量确实看起来只有一个,但实际上有两个参数:
隐式参数:即调用该运算符的对象本身。在成员函数中,这个对象可以通过 this 指针访问。
显式参数:即传递给成员函数的参数
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| Complex c1(3.5, 2.0); Complex c2(1.0, 4.0); Complex sum = c1 + c2;
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在这个例子中,c1 + c2 实际上被编译器解释为 c1.operator+(c2)。这里:
c1 是隐式参数,对应 this 指针。
c2 是显式参数,传递给 operator+ 函数。
因此,虽然 operator+ 函数的定义中只有一个参数,但在实际调用时,c1 和 c2 都参与了运算。
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| ## 完整代码 #include <iostream>
class Complex { private: double real; double imag; public: Complex(double r = 0, double i = 0) : real(r), imag(i) {}
Complex operator+(const Complex& other) const { Complex result; result.real = this->real + other.real; result.imag = this->imag + other.imag; return result; }
Complex operator-(const Complex& other) const { return Complex(real - other.real, imag - other.imag); }
friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Complex& c) { os << c.real << " + " << c.imag << "i"; return os; } }; int main() { Complex c1(3.5, 2.0); Complex c2(1.0, 4.0);
Complex sum = c1 + c2; Complex diff = c1 - c2;
std::cout << "c1: " << c1 << std::endl; std::cout << "c2: " << c2 << std::endl; std::cout << "c1 + c2: " << sum << std::endl; std::cout << "c1 - c2: " << diff << std::endl;
return 0; }
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完